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Urology is the science and study of the structure, function and disorders of the urinary organs and the male sexual organs.

The urologist knows about the disorders that can affect these organs, and knows which disorders in another organ of the body can affect the sexual or urinary organs, such as disorders of the prostate and bladder, and kidney stones.

A variety of specialised methods are used to diagnose urological disorders, such as urine analysis, and use of ultrasound, computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The urologist is able to call upon a variety of drugs for treatment. If necessary he will operate to, for instance, disintegrate kidney stones or remove an enlarged prostate via the urinary tract.